solution

In chemistry , a solution is a homogeneous mixture composed of two or more substances .in such a mixture , asolute is dissolved in another substance know as solvet.
types of of solution the substance present in agreatest amount is considered the solvent . Solvent can be gas , liquid , solid the solution has
the same physical state as the solvent.Gas liquid or solid .

vocabulary#4

element = a basic building block of matter ; a pure substance that cannot be broken down into anything simpler .

compound = a chemical combination of two or more elements into a single substance.

atom = the smallest unit of an element that still has the properties of the element .

proton= a particle with a positive charge in the nucleus of an atom .

neutron = an uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom .
 electron = a particle with a negative charge moving around the nucleus of an atom .

nucleus = the dense center part of an atom .

molecule = a group of more than one atom joined together that acts like a single particle .

picture

element

compound

atom

proton

neutron

electron

nucleus

molecule

vocabulary #3

• mass = the amount of matter in an object .

• volume = the amount of space  an object takes up.

• weight = (on earth) a measure of  the force of gravity between earth and an object.

• density = a measure of how tightly packed matter is ; the amount of mass contained .

• buoyancy  = the upward push on an object by the liquid (or gas) the object is placed in .

• conduct = allow heator electricity to flow throygh reaadity .

picture

mass

volume

weight

density

buoyancy

conduct

ALBUM INVISIBLE LIGHT

Academia Interamericana de Panamá

Cerro Viento

Science

Invisible Light

 

Teacher: Ramón Guerra

By: Michelle Alejandra Concepción

List # 9

Vo B

16-08-2010

INTRODUCTION

We tend to think of light as only the radiant energy that we see with our eyes. But the light we can detect with our eyes is a very tiny fraction of all the types of light that exist. Infrared light is one type of light that is invisible to us. Gamma rays, X-rays, ultraviolet light, microwaves and radio waves are other types of invisible light. All of these rays and waves are the same type of electromagnetic energy. They are different only because the length of their waves are different.

This work presents the concept of invisible light, spectrum and types of invisible light. Finally, a brief conclusion the subject.

INVISIBLE LIGHT

Maxwell's equations predicted invisible forms of light waves, like x-rays and radio waves.

Not only did Maxwell infer from his theory that light was a kind of electromagnetic wave, he also predicted that there were many other kinds of electromagnetic radiation, besides visible light.

Maxwell was right. In 1888, Heinrich Hertz discovered the existence of radio waves. This discovery led to an invention that has changed our world—the radio. However Hertz died aged 36, before Nikola Tesla and Guglielmo Marconi had realised this invention.

Radio waves are not the only other kind of electromagnetic wave. X-rays, microwaves, infra red, ultraviolet and gamma rays are all invisible forms of electromagnetic radiation.

We use many of these electromagnetic waves everyday. X-rays help doctors see inside our bodies, microwaves communicate between our mobile phones and satellites, and infra-red switches open our doors.

All of these kinds of waves are described by Maxwell's equations.

Around 1800—while Young was developing his wave theory—three scientists discovered that the color spectrum was bordered by invisible rays. Sir William Herschel, a British astronomer, was measuring the temperature of the colors dispersed by a prism. As he moved the thermometer down the spectrum from violet to red, he observed a rise in temperature. As he moved the thermometer

When Light passes through a prism, there are wavelengths kinger than the color red. We cannot see them. There are also wavelengths shorter than violet. We cannot see these wavelengths, either. Togeteher all these wavelengths of lightm the ones we see and the ones we cannot see, are called the electromagnetic spectrum.

Allthough we cannot see wavelengths longer than red or shorter than violet, we can detect them, and we can use them in many ways.


Types of Invisible Light

Ultraviolet: We know that the Sun is a source of ultraviolet (or UV) radiation, because it is the UV rays that cause our skin to burn! Stars and other "hot" objects in space emit UV radiation.

Radio Wave: Yes, this is the same kind of energy that radio stations emit into the air for your boom box to capture and turn into your favorite Mozart, Madonna, or Justin Timberlake tunes. But radio waves are also emitted by other things ... such as stars and gases in space. You may not be able to dance to what these objects emit, but you can use it to learn what they are made of.

Microwave: They will cook your popcorn in just a few minutes! Microwaves in space are used by astronomers to learn about the structure of nearby galaxies, and our own Milky Way!

Gama Rays: Radioactive materials (some natural and others made by man in things like nuclear power plants) can emit gamma-rays. Big particle accelerators that scientists use to help them understand what matter is made of can sometimes generate gamma-rays. But the biggest gamma-ray generator of all is the Universe! It makes gamma radiation in all kinds of ways.

X Rays: Your doctor uses them to look at your bones and your dentist to look at your teeth. Hot gases in the Universe also emit X-rays .

Infrared: Our skin emits infrared light, which is why we can be seen in the dark by someone using night vision goggles. In space, IR light maps the dust between stars.

CREATE SOME TIME FUN ! USING THE LIGHT TO MAKE SHAPES IN THE WALL. OR  TO SAID A SCARY STORY PUTING THE ATMOSFERE .fOR  THIS TOPICS OTHER THING THE  GIRL CAN MAKE IS TO SEE HOW DIFEENCES HAVE THE CONVEX AND CONCAVE WHEN REFLECT THE IMAGE .iTHING THAT THE BARBIE GONE TO SEE IN A CONCAVE MIRROR .BUT NOT ONLY THE GIRLS CAN USE THE MIRROR AND THE LIGHT ALSO BOYS AN MAKE ALOT OFEXPERIMENTS WITH THE SOLAR LIGH!

vocabulary : light and Mirrors

• 
  
  bioluminescence = light poduced by living oganisms .

• 
  
  lightray = astaight - line beam of light as ittravels outward   from its source .

• 
  
  law of efleccction = the angle ofan incoming light ray equals the anglesof the reflected ray .

• 
  
  concave mirror = a mirror that curves in on the shiny side.

• 
  
  convex mirror= a mirror that curves out on the sihy side .